I’ve encountered box-and-whisker plots in academic settings and a couple of times in academic research papers. However, I don’t recall having ever encountered box-and-whisker plots on other dashboards.
I have definitely encountered histograms before–again, most often in academic papers or in academic settings.
While I have prior experience with box-and-whisker plots and histograms, I don’t think that they are particularly intuitive for the everyday reader without a legend or textual explanation. I know that bell curves have been a bit more commonly used to illustrate data like population data, so that might be another option.